Section II Cloze (5 points)

Directions: Far each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A,B,C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer an the ANSWER SHEET 1.

     Each year, hundreds of thousands of people die from heart attack, a leading cause of death. In the Landmark Physicians' Health Study at Harvard University in the United States in the late 1980s, a research team led by Dr. Heinekens studied 22,701 healthy male physicians ,half of whom were randomly __41__ to take an aspirin every other day while the others took placebos (安慰剂). After the participants had been __42__ for an average of five years, the doctors in the aspirin group were found to have suffered 44 percent fewer first heart attacks.__43__, a recent international study indicates that aspirin can be beneficial for those people with a history of coronary artery(冠动脉)bypass surgery,__44__ of their sex ,age or whether they have high blood pressure or diabetes.

     According to a report by the American Heart Association, Doctors should consider prescribing __45__aspirin for middle-aged people with a family history of, or __46__ for ,heart disease. ( Risk factors include smoking, being more than 20 percent overweight, high blood pressure and lack of exercise.)

     Aspirin is also a lifesaver during heart attacks, paramedics now give it routinely, and experts urge anyone with chest pain.__47__ if it spreads to the neck, shoulder or an arm, or is accompanied by sweating, nausea (恶心) , light headedness and breathing difficulty to chew and __48__ an aspirin tablet immediately.

     When taking aspirin for heart attack,__49__ the plain, uncoated variety. For even faster absorption, crush and mix with a little water. Speed of absorption is critical because most heart attack deaths occur __50__ the first few hours after chest pain strikes.

41. A. expected      B. demanded     C. assigned       D. advised

42. A. followed      B. examined     C. monitored      D. experienced

43. A. Meanwhile     B. Above all    C. However        D. in addition

44. A. in spite      B. regardless   C. careless       D. whatever

45. A. low-does      B. high-amount  C. more           D. right

46. A. ready         B. at risk      C. maybe          D. in danger

47. A. naturally     B. apparently   C. especially     D. furthermore

48. A. eat           B. swallow      C. digest         D. assimilate

49. A. choose        B. use          C. hold out       D. pick out

50. A. for           B.  along       C. within         D. except

解析：

41．答案选C。根据上下文，assign(分配，指派)的词义最为合适。本句意思是“20世纪80年代后期，由Hennekens博士领导的一个研究小组以22701个健康的男性医生为研究对象，随即分配其中的一半人每隔一天服用一片阿司匹林，另一半人则服用安慰剂”。expect表示“期望，期待”；demand表示“要求”。有命令式语气；而advise表示“劝告”。本句叙述研究方法，A、B、D三项选词都不符语义，故C为正确答案。

42．答案选C。本句意思为：在实验对象被监督(服药)平均5年以后，服用阿司匹林的那一组医生被发现初次患心脏病的几率要低于44％。本句叙述研究结果，follow表示“跟踪”，而examine表示“检查”，experience意思为“经历”，且用做被动态时不用人作主语，故选monitor是合适的。

43．答案选D。四个选项都是用来连接前后句的，但所表示的逻辑意义不同，meanwhile(同时)，表示行为的时间先后；above all(首先，尤其是)表示重要性；however(但是)表示转折；in addition(此外)表示附加、并列语气。该句意思是“另外，一项最近的国际研究显示阿司匹林对做过冠动脉分流手术的人非常有益，且不用考虑他们的性别、年龄或是否患有高血或糖尿病”。

44．答案选B。根据和介词of的搭配关系可排除C和D，根据语义(参见43)，可排除A(in     spite of尽管，表示让步，不符合原句意思)。故B是正确答案。

45. 答案选A。从第一段我们得知每隔一天服用一片阿司匹林会减少患心脏病的机会，且“每隔一天服用一片”应为低剂量。因此，本句意思为“根据美国心脏病学会的一份报告，医生应该给有家族病史的，或有患心脏病危险的中年人开低剂量的阿司匹林服用”。46．答案选B。ready for sth(准备好干……)显然不符合语义；be at risk for sth(有……的危险)表示可能性，符合原句意思(参见45)；in danger for sth．(处于……危险之中)不符合原句意思；maybe不能和for搭配。

47．答案选C。本句缺一个修饰假设从句的副词。本句意思是“护理人员现在按常规给阿司匹林，对任何有胸部疼痛的人．尤其是当这种疼痛扩展到脖子、肩膀或一只胳膊，或者伴随着出汗、恶心、轻度头疼和呼吸困难时，专家敦促他们立即咀嚼和吞咽一片阿司匹林”。naturally(自然地)，apparently(显然地)，furthermore(进一步说)均不符合原句意思，故C(especially)为正确答案。

48．答案选B。eat(吃)通常后面跟食品;and连接两个相同意义动词；digest(消化)与assimilate(吸收)不符合原句意思。原旬意思参见47。

49．答案选B。本句意思为“当因心脏病服用阿司匹林时，要用没有糖衣的纯药片”。hold out(维持，坚持)不符合原句意思，pick out(拣出，挑出)强调具体动作，而choose表示有很多种选择时选其中之一，而这里不牵涉选择的问题，因此B为正确答案。

50. 答案选C。本句意思是“(药物)吸收的速度是关键，因为大多数心脏猝死发生在胸口疼痛开始的几小时内”。根据语义，C为正确答案。

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