一、语言点详解

1.  estrangement n.疏远

2.  impress vt.(常与with连用)使(人)印象深刻，使铭记

His words are strongly impressed on my memory.他的话使我深深铭记心头。

3.  turbojet n.涡轮喷气飞机

4. libertarian adj.自由的，持自由论的，自由论者的

5.  royalty n.皇室，王权

6.  disquieting adj.令人不安的，令人忧虑的

7.  identify vt.(与with连用)认为一致；被认为与……有关系

He identifies beauty with goodness.他认为美与善是一致的。

That politician is too closely identified with the former government to become a minister in ours.那位政客被认为与上届政府关系过密，不能成为本届政府的部长。

8.  democracy n.民主政治，民主主义

9.  visionary adj.幻影的．幻想的，梦想的

10. heyday n全盛时期，最高潮

the Elizabethan period at its heyday伊丽莎白时代的全盛时期

In his heyday, he was a great tennis player.他年轻力壮时，是一位了不起的阿球运动员。

11. proposition n.主张，建议，陈述．命题

12. enlightenment n.开导，启发

This is difficult and I need enlightenment.这很难，我需要指点。

13. inhumanly adv.无人情味地，残忍地

14. steadfastness n.坚定，稳当

15. compromise vi姑息，妥协，退让

compromise with a person与人和解

I would rather die than compromise.我宁死不妥协。

16. retreat vi.撤退，退却

The soldiers bed to retreat when they were beaten in battle.士兵们在战斗中受挫时不得不撤退。

17. obstinacy n.固执

18. staggering adj.难以置信的，惊愕的

19. legacy n.遗产，祖先、前人或过去相传下来的某种东西

a legacy of religious freedom宗教自由的遗产

20. invincibility n.无敌，绝对不败

21. formula n.准则，方案，依据惯用的、无争议的模式或方法而采取的对某些事情的做法或处理方式

a situation comedy that simply uses an old formula只沿用旧方案的系列幽默剧

22. utopia n.乌托邦，理想中完美的地方(尤指社会，政治和道德方面完美的)

23. doctrine n.教旨，教义，学说

a matter of doctrine教旨问题

24. contradict vt.同……矛盾，同……抵触

Your actions contradict your principles.你的行为与你的道义相矛盾。

25. orthodox adj.正统的，传统的，习惯的，保守的，东正教的

26. empirical adj.以经验为根据的，经验主义的

27. abundance n.丰富，充足，充裕

Carpets are available m abundance.可供地毯货源充足。

28. optimism n.乐观，乐观主义

29. pious adj.虔诚的，尽责的

二、难句解析

1.  But to anyone who is aware of what America once meant to English libertarian poets and philosophers, to the young Ibises bitterly excoriating European royalty for the murder of Lincoln, to Italian novelists and poets translating the nineteenth century American classics as a demonstration against Fascism, there is something particularly disquieting in the way that the European Left, historically "pro-American" because it identified America with expansive democracy, now punishes America with Europe's lack of hope in the future.

句子结构：句中to anyone后使用定语从句who is aware of表示人的性质："what America once meant to..., to the young Ibises bitterly excoriating..., to Italian novelists and poets"中省略相同的部分。主旬为存在句，historically "pro-American"在句中为the European Left的同位语，解释说明它的属性。

    参考译文：但是对于那些人来说：美国对英国自由诗人和哲学家有较大意义，因谋杀林肯而痛斥欧洲皇室的年轻朱鹭派。及对那些为抗争法西斯而翻译l9世纪美国经典名著的诗人来说美国意义重大，特别让人忧虑的是由于欧洲左派曾把美国归为民主之国而支持美国，现在却因欧洲没有希望而对美国大加否定。

2.  Although America has obviously not fulfilled the visionary hope entertained for it in the romantic heyday, Americans have, until recently, thought of themselves as an idea ,a "proposition" set up for the enlightenment and the improvement of mankind.

句子结构：本句使用了让步状语从句，过去分词entertained 作 the visionary hope后置定语，可以用定语从句代替：the visionary hope which was entertained for it in the romantic heyday;主句中until recently为插入成分，也可以放置主语前。

    参考译文：尽管美国并没有全盛时期实现虚幻的希望，最近美国人认为自己拥有人类启蒙和进步的观点和主张。

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